By Brenda June Temple
What we know fondly as the “Stars and Stripes” was adopted by the Continental Congress as the official American flag on June 14, 1777, in the midst of the Revolutionary War. Colonial troops fought under many different flags with various symbols and slogans—rattlesnakes, pine trees, and eagles; “Don’t Tread on Me,” “Liberty or Death,” and “Conquer or Die,” to name a few. The first flag had 13 stars on a blue field and 13 alternating red and white stripes for the 13 original colonies. Now there are 50 stars, one for each state in the Union, but the 13 stripes remain. Although many people believe that Betsy Ross designed and sewed the first flag, there is no proof of that. Flag Day was first celebrated in 1877, on the flag’s 100th birthday.
Question of the Day
Advice of the Day
Home Hint of the Day
Word of the Day
Puzzle of the Day
FROM WIKIPEDIA COMMONS
Stefanie Maria Graf (/ɡrɑːf,ɡræf/ GRA(H)F, German: [ˈʃtɛfiˈɡʁaːf] ; born 14 June 1969) is a German former professional tennis player. She won 22 major singles titles, the second-most in women’s singles won since the start of the Open Era in 1968 and the third-most of all-time. In 1988, Graf became the first and only tennis player to achieve the Golden Slam by winning all four major singles titles and the Olympic gold medal in the same calendar year. She is the only tennis player, male or female, to have won each major singles tournament at least four times.
Graf was ranked world No. 1 in singles by the Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) for a record 377 total weeks. She won 107 singles titles, ranking her third on the WTA’s all-time list after Martina Navratilova (167 titles) and Chris Evert (157 titles). She and Margaret Court are the only players, female or male, to win three majors in a calendar year five times (1988, 1989, 1993, 1995 and 1996).
Notable features of Graf’s game were her versatility across all playing surfaces, footwork and powerful forehand drive. Graf’s athletic ability and aggressive game played from the baseline have been credited with developing the modern style of play that has come to dominate today’s game. She won six French Open singles titles (second to Evert), seven Wimbledon singles titles, four Australian Open titles, and five US Open singles titles. She is the only singles player (male or female) to have achieved a Grand Slam across three surfaces (grass, clay, and hard courts). Graf reached 13 consecutive singles major finals from the 1987 French Open to the 1990 French Open, winning nine of them. She won five consecutive singles majors (1988 Australian Open to 1989 Australian Open), and seven out of eight, in two calendar years (1988 Australian Open to 1989 US Open, except 1989 French Open). She reached a total of 31 major finals in singles.
Graf retired at the age of 30 in 1999 while ranked as the world No. 3. Martina Navratilova placed Graf at the top of her list of the greatest players ever. In the year of Graf’s retirement, Billie Jean King said, “Steffi [Graf] is definitely the greatest women’s tennis player of all time.” In December 1999, Graf was named the greatest female tennis player of the 20th century by a panel of experts assembled by the Associated Press. When asked in an interview to name the greatest players of all time, Serena Williams stated Graf and Roger Federer. Graf married former world No. 1 men’s tennis player Andre Agassi in October 2001. They have two children. Graf was inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame in 2004. Along with Boris Becker, Graf was considered instrumental in popularizing tennis in Germany, where it remains one of the foremost national sports.
Died
- Benedict Arnold (General in U. S. Revolutionary War) –
- The Earl of Derby (Canadian Governor General 1888-1893) –
- Mary Cassatt (painter) –
- Peggy Ashcroft (actress) –
- Henry Mancini (composer) –
Born
- Harriet Beecher Stowe (writer) –
- John Bartlett (American publisher, editor) –
- Burl Ives (singer & character actor) –
- Thomas J. Kelly (engineer, dubbed father of the lunar module) –
- Donald Trump (businessman and 45th U.S. president) –
- Eric Heiden (speed skater) –
- Traylor Howard (actress) –
- Steffi Graf (tennis player) –
- Daryl Sabara (actor who starred as Juni Cortez in the Spy Kids movie series) –
Events
- The United States Army was established–
- Stars and Stripes adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States–
- Isaac Fischer, Jr. patented sandpaper–
- The Republic of Hawaii became a U. S. territory–
- Capt. John Alcock and Lt. Arthur Whitten-Brown flew from St. John’s, Newfoundland, to Clifden, Ireland, making the first successful nonstop transatlantic airmail delivery. The 16-hour flight ended the following day–
- Pennsylvania became the first of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday–
- US Atomic Energy Commission announced the discovery of the neutrino, an atomic particle with no electrical charge–
- Discovery of the neutrino announced–
- Ronald Reagan received honorary knighthood by Queen Elizabeth II–
- The New York Rangers won their first Stanley Cup in 54 years, beating Vancouver, 3-2, in game 7 at Madison Square Garden–
- Cows gathered around a just-fallen meteorite fragment in St. Robert, Quebec–
- A tractor-trailer overturned on a highway in Bear Trap Canyon, Montana, spilling its load of hundreds of beehives and unleashing some nine million angry honeybees–
- A 7.0-magnitude earthquake struck about 90 miles southwest of the coastal community of Crescent City, California, and 300 miles northwest of San Francisco–
Weather
- Flash flood devastated Heppner, Oregon–
- Downtown San Francisco, California, hit 106 degrees F–
- Denver, Colorado, recorded a high temperature of 102 degrees F–
COURTESY www.almanac.com
